Birth Control Through the Times Essay -- Contraceptives, Birth Control

The possibility of people having control of their familial future is the same old thing. Truth be told, the utilization of contraception goes back to old Egyptian occasions. In spite of the discussion that regularly encompasses the utilization of anti-conception medication, history shows that the requirement for pregnancy avoidance existed even before most present day religions were built up. This paper will cover the vivid history of what we currently know as anti-conception medication, during that time and up to present day times. Ideally, this can give the crowd a smart thought about how vital this idea is, and to take a gander at controlling your fate with objectivity. Starting in antiquated occasions, individuals saw a need to control the measure of youngsters that they may have. One human progress specifically, the old Egyptians, had novel ways to deal with anti-conception medication. Drawings found from the time, around 3000 B.C., portrayed men wearing condom like gadgets. This human advancement additionally had what is known as a pessary, which is an item or blend that is embedded into the vagina to square or execute sperm. A portion of their blends may have included stones, crocodile compost, or even stone salt. The Egyptians additionally utilized ocean wipes doused in lemon juice; much like a lady today may utilize a wipe with a spermicidal. The Egyptians weren’t the main antiquated human progress to use conception prevention strategies; the old Greeks utilized a technique for post coital anti-conception medication. This technique was utilized when the couple was finished with sex, and the lady was to hunch down apply strain to the mid section to free the vagina of semen. One more methodology from inside a similar timespan was that of Aristotle, who suggested that ladies â€Å"anoint that piece of the belly wherein the seed falls† with olive oil, cedar oil, or f... ...e or not to have youngsters. This is an example that will no uncertainty endure later on as long as laws permit it. All things considered, ideally some knowledge can be picked up by finding out about the historical backdrop of conception prevention, and maybe it can demystify this untouchable that nobody needs to discuss. Works Cited Clemmitt, Maricia. Debates of Women's Access to Birth Control. Women's Health 2006. Hurricane Opposing Viewpoints in Context. Web. 18 Feb. 2012 Cornblatt, Johanna. The History of Birth Control. Newsweek - National News, World News, Business, Health, Technology, Entertainment, and that's just the beginning - Newsweek. Newsweek, 2009. Web. 18 Feb. 2012. Strict Views on Birth Control. Wikipedia. Web. 18 Apr. 2011. http://www.wikipedia.org. Stacey, Dawn. â€Å"What Do Religions Say About Birth Control and Family Planning?† About.Com 2011. www.about.com. Web. 5 March. 2012.

The Conservation Of Madagascar And Its Lemurs Biology Essay

The Conservation Of Madagascar And Its Lemurs Biology Essay The uncommon island of Madagascar is not at all like anyplace else on earth. Generally the size of France, with a territory of 226,658 square miles, it is the universes fourth biggest island. It lies in the Indian Ocean, approximatly 250 miles off the shore of Southern Africa. Madagascar, and the little island of Comoro, give the main present-day local territory to lemurs (Butler, 2009). Nicknamed the eighth Continent due to its decent variety of species (Hooper, 2005), Madagascar comes up short on the prevailing type of primates disseminated around the world. Rather, their specialty has been filled by a more seasoned gathering of primates, the Lemurs. Because of Madagascars separation, lemurs have a fascinating developmental history. Madagascar was initially part of the very mainland Gondwanaland. As Gondwanaland broke separated around 160 million years back, Madagascar split away from Africa (Carwardine, 2009). The Island kept on floating, moving ceaselessly from Africa and by the development of monkeys, 17-23 million years prior, Madagascar was at that point detached. As profoundly wise and versatile primates, monkeys, immediately turned into the predominant primates around the remainder of the world. The Strepsirhini, the suborder that incorporates the lemurs, lorises, bushbabies, and pottos, were driven away and towards elimination by these propelled primates. The lorises, bushbabies, and pottos had the option to generally effectively exist together with the monkeys, to a great extent because of their nighttime and insectivorous attributes. They didn't contend with the monkeys; be that as it may, the lemur heredity was headed to locate another home, Madagascar (Baines, 1997). As the island of Madagascar floated futher from Africa, the lemurs were then disconnected from the remainder of the world and its transformative changes. They are currently By far the most famous and assorted gathering of Madagascars well evolved creatures (Sauther, 2009). They have spread all through Madagascar, filling the specialties absent a lot of rivalry or predators. Today lemurs are found in practically the entirety of the biological systems of Madagascar (Carwardine, 2009), many have adjusted in astonishing and peculiar manners to guarantee their endurance. Higher primates or homo-sapiens didn't arrive at Madagascar until around 2,000 years prior, when they figured out how to explore the oceans (Oldfield, 2002). Once there, people started to efficiently obliterate the already immaculate island .15 types of lemur are known to have become be terminated, however a lot more are thought to have vanished before they were even found. Right now all lemurs are at serious risk, generally because of living space demolition and chasing. Madagascars territory is as assorted as its untamed life with waterfront fields, mountain ranges, emotional slopes, and thick rainforest. All things considered, there is an incredible assorted variety of biological systems, each with contrasting vegetation and accordingly: various species. This is generally as per help, topography and precipitation. The primary people to show up on Madagascar were the progenitors of the Sakalava individuals, who started in Indonesia and now live in the West of the island. These early pilgrims working on moving development, consuming the beforehand immaculate vegetation. In the ninth and thirteenth hundreds of years individually, the progenitors of the Merina individuals and Betsileo clans of Northern Madagascar likewise showed up from Indonesia, and started cultivating rice. During the most recent 1,200 years individuals from Africa and the Arabian Peninsular have additionally settled in Madagascar, carrying with them Zebu steers. Numerous conventional services and customs are based around Zebu steers, even today numerous Madagascians measure their riches by the quantity of Zebu they own. As such there is currently more Zebu than individuals on Madagascar. Consistently immense zones of vegetation are singed trying to improve field for these creatures (Oldfield, 2002). In 1895 Madagascar turned into a French state. These new pilgrims started collecting important hardwoods for send out, for example, blacks and rosewoods, the gathering of these trees proceeds with today. The imperiled Dalbergia delphinensis tree is one of more than 30 rosewoods undermined because of particular felling (Oldfield, 2009). The confined circulation of this species likewise matches with a proposed site for a titanium mine which compromises all the staying seaside woods in Southeast Madagascar (Kimball, 2009). Likewise to its disadvantage, Madagascars rainforests contain significant minerals, for example, gold and sapphires. Endeavors to remove these postures further dangers. Mining is one of the numerous dangers to Madagascars backwoods and the numerous species that depend on them. Wood is likewise cut for fuel and many logging organizations are quick to gain backwoods concessions. Another danger is the neighborhood type of moving development known as tavy. The vast majority of Madagascars 13 million human occupants rely upon the land for their occupation. Huge measures of timberland are cleared each year by cut and consume strategies for rice development, maize and cassava. Numerous zones are depleted of their supplements and afterward deserted, the auxiliary vegetation that at that point develops is known as savoka, this is in the long run supplanted by field (Oldfield, 2002). Madagascar is home to a gigantic 10,000 or so plant species, 80% of which are endemic to the island (Carwardine, 2009). In spite of the fact that Madagascars creature assorted variety is less striking, numerous species are remarkable to the island. More than 250 flying creature species, about portion of which are endemic to the island, 300 types of reptiles, over 90% of which are discovered uniquely on Madagascar (Oldfield, 2002). The islands just creatures of land and water, 178 frog species, which are all endemic and in excess of 33 known types of lemur possess Madagascar, the greater part in its draining rainforests. As indicated by the Botanist, Henri Perrier de la Bathie, writng in 1921, The once strong rainforests of Madagascar have declined significantly. As right on time as 1921, felling had wrecked 90% of Madagascars woodlands (Sauther, 2006 ). Naturally, it is viewed as perhaps the most extravagant region on earth (Green, 1990), in any case, nobody has ever figured out how to make a full assessment of Madagascars many compromised rainforest species. Protection status data on certain types of creatures and trees has been gathered, yet is not even close to finish. Of the rainforest types of lemurs alone, compromised species incorporate the Indri, just as the Aye-affirmative, Hairy-eared Dwarf Lemur, Golden Bamboo Lemur and the Red-bellied Lemur. As indicated by Ian Tattershal in Michelle Sauthers report, Lemurs: Ecology and Adaptations, there is general understanding that the lemurs, including the as of late wiped out subfossil structures, ought to be arranged into seven families: Cheirogaleidae, the smaller person lemurs with five living genera; Lemuridae, the genuine lemurs and their nearby family members, with five genera (one terminated); Lepilemuridae, with two genera (one wiped out); Indriidae, with three living genera, Archaeolemuridae, with two genera (both wiped out); Palaeopropithecidae, with four genera (all wiped out) and Daubentoniidae, the affirmative ayes, with a solitary living sort and species. Contingent upon whose arrangement is acknowledged, living lemurs may number up to forty unique species and conceivably even up to seventy two species, if subspecies are remembered for the tally. With these numbers, and notwithstanding ongoing annihilations, Madagascar positions third most elevated on the rundown of high-primate decent variety nations around the world (Sauther, 2009), regardless of being just a single tenth of the size of the world chief, Brazil. These types of lemur are endemic to Madagascar. As per the ICUN Red List of Threatened Species, every one of these animal groups has various dangers to their endurance. Numerous lemurs, for example, the Red-ruffed Lemur, and numerous kinds of bamboo lemurs are fundamentally imperiled. With a definitely diminished environment there are barely any left in nature. The Hairy-eared Dwarf Lemur, Golden-earthy colored Mouse Lemur, and the Black and White Ruffed Lemurs are not as near elimination, however are recorded as imperiled. A portion of the lemurs recorded as helpless incorporate the Black Lemur, Crowned Lemur, and various Fork-checked Lemurs. Maybe the most wonderful lemur species have for quite some time been wiped out. These incorporated the Archaeoindris, which was bigger than a grown-up male gorilla, the Babakotia and the Magaladapsis. All lemurs are ensured by law, and in numerous networks it is viewed as untouchable to kill an Indri, yet somewhere else, the Indri, and numerous different types of lemur, are pursued for food and once in a while sold as shrub meat or pets (Carwardne, 2009). Madagascar has endured natural debasement over a huge piece of its territory mass. When secured with rainforests, the greater part of the Eastern third of Madagascar is presently, either fruitless, or decreased to bush land. As indigenous vegetation is cut and consumed for fuel numerous territories, for example, the Spiny woods, which contains numerous uncommon plant and creature species endemic to the island, have offered approach to prickly plant clean. Around 80% of the first plant spread has been pulverized and a significant part of the landscape is currently corrupted prairie (Oldfield, 2002). Every year, a further 1% of Madagascars woods are leveled. This mass deforestation not just influences the land and its occupants legitimately, yet in addition in a roundabout way. Without vegetation to assimilate dampness the dirt is dissolving endlessly at a disturbing rate. Enviromental guidelines have been set up to ensure the woodlands and types of Madagascar since 1881 and at present, more cash is put towards the protection of Madagascar, than some other piece of Africa (Butler, 2009). Madagascar is one of the universes least fortunate countries, with a for each capita salary of around $240 every year. Around 80 percent of the populace are resource ranchers, huge numbers of whom rely totally upon common funding to help their lifestyle. The people groups reliance on the land and normal assets is of significant result to Madagascars biological systems and endemic biodiversity (Kremen, 2010). The major natural issues of Madagascar incorporate deforestation, and along these lines loss of living space, agrarian flames, ero

Essay Topics For Fifth Grade - What Are The Most Common Ones?

Essay Topics For Fifth Grade - What Are The Most Common Ones?Essay topics for 5th grade will give your student a very detailed idea of the topics to write about in the following year. In this essay, you will have to tell your students about the reason why they are studying your subject and what is going on in their lives. Your student will be able to come up with a topic that is of interest to them and that can bring them back to your class or their interests for them.For example, if your child wants to write an essay topics for fifth grade science class, then you can choose topics such as molecular biology or evolution. You might also want to have your child write an essay topic on oceanography, considering that they are a child who loves to explore the ocean. You could also choose topics such as psychology and religion.Of course, there are several more topics that you can choose from, so if your child isn't interested in the topic you set them up with, then they can choose another topic for next year. They should be excited when they get the assignment, knowing that they will be able to talk about their topic. When they do decide on a topic, make sure that they have a solid idea of what it is all about.Now, that you know what essay topics for fifth grade are, you will need to find out about the assignments that you will be giving to your students. There are two types of essays that you can give your students: short essays and full essays. With either type of essay, you want to find out what they are going to be able to do well on.Each type of essay requires a different amount of practice, so that will affect which ones you choose. However, when it comes to essays, you want to make sure that they have complete control over the whole thing. By doing this, you are letting them be as creative as they want to be when they are writing their essay.You will also want to get some help when you are looking at essay topics for fifth grade, as there are many different me thods that your students can use to write their essay. Your child might want to use something called the heuristics method, which allows them to come up with ideas without having to think much. However, you should try to steer them away from using heuristics, as it can be too easy for them to get lazy with.On the other hand, you might want to let your students take full essays, as it is harder for them to come up with good ideas. You can give them a little bit of instruction as to what you expect them to do in order to properly complete a full essay. By doing this, you will have an easier time going over the content, giving your students a good review.It is important that you start the process of essay topics for fifth grade as soon as possible. If you wait until the end of the school year, you might have a difficult time finding topics that your students can use to write on. It might be a good idea to begin the process during the fall, but before they start school in the spring.

Dialectical Journal 3 Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn

Ryan Sun Mrs. Penalora AP Language and Composition 26 August 2015 Dialectical Journal 3: Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Quote Page #/ ¶ Explanation/Analysis 1. â€Å"And he said that handling a snakeskin was such awful bad luck that maybe we hadn’t got to the end of it yet. He said he druther see the new moon over his left shoulder as much as a thousand times than take up a snakeskin in his hand.† 2. â€Å"What did that poor old woman do to you that you could treat her so mean?...she tried to be good to you ever way she knowed how. That’s what she done. I got to feeling so mean and so miserable I most wished I was dead.† 3. â€Å"†¦he had†¦the blackest kind of eyes, sunk so deep back that they seemed like they was looking out of caverns at you†¦he put on a clean shirt and a full suit from head to foot made out of linen so white it hurt your eyes to look at it†¦Sometimes he†¦straightened himself up like a liberty-pole, and the lightning began to flicker from under his eyebrows.† 4. â€Å"‘Well, den, Miss Sophia’s run off! ‘deed she has. She run off in de night some time—nobody don’t know jis’ when; run off to get married to dat young Harney Shepherdson.† 5. â€Å"I’m blest if it don’t look to me like the truth is better and actuly safer than a lie†¦I’m a-going to chance it; I’ll up and tell the truth this time.† 6. â€Å"We swarmed along down the river road, just carrying on like wildcats; and to make it more scary the sky was darking up, and the lightning beginning to wink and flitter,Show MoreRelatedSummer Reading2774 Words   |  12 Pagesclass: Several grades will be given for the summer reading. ïÆ'Ëœ Dialectical response journals for each book (rubric attached). ïÆ'Ëœ Exams on the assigned novels within the first days of school. ïÆ'Ëœ In class essay questions on each of the novels. 9th Grade Regulars and Honors - Reading Assignment: 1. Fiction novel: The Hobbit by J.R.R. Tolkein *12 Dialectical Journal Entries 2. Nonfiction: A Walk Across America by Peter Jenkins *12 Dialectical Journal Entries 10th Grade Regular and Honors - Reading Assignment:Read Morewisdom,humor and faith19596 Words   |  79 Pagesand wise ways of being and functioning.† Among the wise values he mentions that relate to perspective are creativity, serenity, humility, clarity about what is, empathy, insight, intuitive understanding, patience, reality, self-awareness, and truth.3 Another prominent wisdom researcher, Robert Sternberg, believes that â€Å"people are wise to the extent that they use their intelligence to seek a common good. They do so by balancing, in their courses of action, their own interests with those of others

Epistemological Approach to Modern Artificial Intelligence

Modern Artificial Intelligence There are a number of contemporary goals for artificial intelligence. This truth is in part related to the fact that many of the basic goals of artificial intelligence that were initially conceived during the 20th century still have not been met. Many contemporary goals, therefore, have descended from these initial goals, and have simply incorporated more specific practices and uses for artificial intelligence. Essentially, the primary goal of contemporary artificial intelligence is to create some sort of life form or machine that has the cognitive ability to make life easier and more conventional for humans by performing and completing both complex and simple tasks. The logic behind this goal is sufficiently denoted in the following quotation, in which the principle ends of artificial intelligence are listed as efforts to develop an artificial entity that can learn and make decision in a complex, changing environment, affect that environment, and communicate in knowledge and choices to humans; that is, an entity that can think (Neapolitan, 2011, p. iii). In many different respects, this particular goal of artificial intelligence, to create an entity that can think and reason in a specific environment, has expanded with the scion of artificial intelligence known as Artificial General Intelligence. Artificial General Intelligence was developed within the past decade, and aims at a degree of specificity alluded to, yet not specificallyShow MoreRelatedArtificial Intelligence in Daily Life738 Words   |  3 Pagesmemory and advances in computer chip technology increased, the study of artificial intelligence and the idea of what might be possible for computers has also undergone a dramatic evolution. In fact, many contemporary computing applications at home, in vehicles, and in business already use Artificial Intelligence (AI) as a basis for many operations. Many of todays machines are designed to perform a specific task and function. Modern manufacturing has advan ced because of robotics, and certainly this hasRead MoreReturn to Curiosity: Privileging Wonder over Rationalism in Museum Displays and Learning1457 Words   |  6 Pagesthe rational. Shadowed by a sense that all knowledge is now possible, mystery and concepts of the unknowable have ceased to exist. 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This is a book that deserves to achieve a wideRead MoreExistentialism vs Essentialism23287 Words   |  94 Pageshave a set of characteristics that make them what they are, amp; that the task of science and philosophy is their discovery amp; expression; the doctrine that essence is prior to existence While, Existentialism:A philosophical theory or approach, that emphasizes the existence of the individual person as a free amp; responsible agent, determining their own development through acts of the will. Existentialism * is a philosophical term which posits that individuals create the meaning

Sp Lab Report - 1117 Words

Possible antibacterial mechanisms of SNPs can be pointed to in 4 points: a. Nanoparticles adhesion to the bacterial surface leading altering the properties of membrane. The small size and the large surface area of nanoparticles give power to form strong connection with the surface of microorganism (Wong and Liu, 2010). Now, the mostly popular understanding is that SNPs with diameters less than 20 nm get attached to proteins with sulfur group of the membranes of bacterial cell resulting in increasing the permeability of the membrane, which lead to bacterial death (Morones et al.,2005). b. Internal penetration of the bacterial cell by SNPs, in the study of Choi and Hu, 2008 observed that SNPs less than 5 nm, which was more toxic than any†¦show more content†¦Ag ions can also interference with DNA replication processes by interact with phosphorus group, which stops bacterial proliferation and decreases the number of cells over time (Wong and Liu, 2010) and (Cao et al., 2010). Moreover, Samberg et al., 2011 proposed that the antibacterial activity of Ag ions is caused by the synergistic effect between the binding of silver ions to the cell wall, their uptake and subsequent accumulation in the cell, and their interference with critical biomolecules within the cell. In contrast, Cao et al., 2011 mentioned that silver ions do not play an important role in the antimicrobial mechanism of metallic SNPs-modified films coated on titanium or titanium dioxide substrates. 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Stress - Health Problems and Coping Strategies in Health Assessment

Question: Describe about the Stress, Health Problems and Coping Strategies in Health Assessment. Answer: Introduction Ways of dealing with stress are used by international students while dealing with stress situations. The objective of this study was to determine the correlation between psychological adaption and how to cope with stress. When in a foreign country, students face a number of challenges that result in stressful situations. Such conditions include academic pressure, language challenges, longing for home, not having community support, diminished self-worth and lack of confidence. In normal cases, international students have to learn a new language and are under pressure from home since a lot is expected from them. Additionally, international students undergo accuration process defined by Berry (1995) as a stressful major event, which requires stress coping strategies. Stress coping is behavioral and cognitive efforts made by a person to respond to internal and external demands, which are perceived as demanding lots of effort.A study done I New Zealand by Chai (2009) showed that international students use refusal, censure themselves and are disengaged in demeanor coping strategies than local students. In another study by Amponsah, (2010) established that international students utilize problem-geared methods of dealing with stress followed by seeking for support socially and demeanor-geared method. The intention of the research was determine the influences of accuration process on psychological adaption. The study theorized that methods of dealing with stress coping are associated with psychological adaption of international students in distinct ways from that of local students. In addition, it was hypothesized that stress is associated with health strategies. Therefore, the rationale of the study was to ascertain the relationship between psychological adaption and stress coping strategies of international and local students; to determine whether there was an association between stress and health strategies. The hypotheses therefore were H0: There is relationship between stress and health challenges among international students. H0: There is a relationship between stress and coping strategies among international students Method A sample of 31 students from RMIT University, faculty of Psychology studies was used. The Coping Orientation of Problem Experience (COPE) suggested by Carver et al. (1989) was used to measure characteristics of methods of dealing with stress. As a data collection tool, a questionnaire was used that was divided into 3 parts. Part 1 comprised of demographic information that included age gender, specialty and course. Part 2 was the student stress scale, part 3 health problems scale, response or strategy to deal with stress questionnaire. A likert scale was used to measure the student stress level where higher scores indicated more utilization of a specific coping strategy Respondents were divided into two groups, international and local students. To measure health complaints, a scale was used that contained 12 symptoms identified in past studies a s symptoms related to stress (23). Participants were asked how often they experienced those symptoms in the last six months and the answers measured using a likert scale. Results Demographic Information and LCU Score for Stress Demographic information in the study indicated that males were 13 while females were eighteen. The age range of all the participants was between 17 and 29 years. The LCU score for stress levels indicated an overall mean of 233.5 score. In terms of gender, the LCU for females was slightly higher at 244.5 compared to that of males at 218.5 mean score. Conversely, male health problems score was higher at 11.6 than that of female at 10.6 while the overall health problems score stood at 11.0. In terms of strategy to deal with stress, it was almost equal between the genders with only 0.2 separating males and females at 9.5 and 9.7 respectively while the overall score was 9.6 making it almost a perfect match. Test for the Relationship between Stress, Health Problems and Coping Strategies To test the correlation between stress, health problems and coping strategies, Pearson Correlation coefficient was used. A correlation coefficient of 0.75 and above would be considered as a strong correlation. The first hypothesis to be tested was: H0: There is relationship between stress and health problems among international students. (null hypothesis) HA: There is no relationship between stress and health problems among international students. (alternative hypothesis) The survey revealed that there was some positive relationship between though not strong of 0.2171 (21.71%). This relationship was however not significant (r = 0.2171, p 0.05) and therefore the decision was to fail to reject the null hypothesis. There was no sufficient evidence to conclude that stress is associated with health problems. The correlation from the sample could have been brought about a sampling error of chance. The next hypothesis that was tested was; H0: There is relationship between stress and coping strategies among international students. (null hypothesis) HA: There is no relationship between stress and coping strategies among international students. (alternative hypothesis) The study revealed there was a positive relationship between stress and coping strategies among international students. The relationship was however not significant (r= 0.3109, p 0.05). Therefore the decision was to retain the null hypothesis. In addition, the correlation was weak and could have been brought about by chance. Discussion and Recommendations Demographic information revealed that females were more than males in the study that is, females were eighteen while males were thirteen. The collective LCU score for both genders was 233.5 while in terms of gender, LCU score for females was slightly higher. While dealing with stress males and females seemed to have an equal score. To test the hypotheses of the study, it was revealed that there is an association, though weak between stress and health challenges. This relationship was however not significant to suggest that stress is correlated with health problem. It was therefore concluded that the relationship determined in the study was brought about by chance and the study could have benefited from a bigger sample size. On the other hand, relationship between stress and coping strategies among international students was tested. This too, though a weak positive relationship existed, was not significant. The study therefore recommended that a similar study be replicated in another University and a bigger sample size be used. It was also recommended that a different sampling technique be used in addition to other inferential statistics such as multiple regression so as to determine the cause and effect between the independent variables and the dependent variable. Reference Amponsah, M. O. (2010). Non university students stress levels and their coping strategies.Educ Res,1(4), 8899. Berry, J. W. (1997). Lead article - immigration, acculturation, and adaptation.Applied Psychology,46(1), 534. doi:10.1080/026999497378467 Chai, P. P. (2009).Religion/spirituality as a stress coping mechanism for international students(PhD thesis). Auckland University of Technology, Auckland.

The Little Girl Eater, by Septimus Dale Essay Example

The Little Girl Eater, by Septimus Dale Essay In class we read the story of The Little Girl Eater, by Septimus Dale. The central character is a man called Mason and the story begins with him lying on sand beneath an old coal jetty; hed been there a long time, after taking a short cut when the tide was out, through the girders. He knew the tide was heading back his way, and would eventually drown him. It was early April so it was very unlikely that some one would find him. Mason felt sick and weak; huge waves of nausea hit him like the waves of the sea. He could no longer feel his lower limbs, nor move them. Mason felt that he must reason out a manner of escape before it was too late. Mason had tried calling out to begin with, but this was a failure. However, an ingenious plan formed in his mind: if he were to burrow downwards, instead of trying to force himself upwards, he might dig himself enough clearance to crawl clear. It all depended on what lay beneath. Miranda was a little girl, not pretty at all; in fact, eminently ugly: her nose was lengthy; she had an extremely obese physique. The road her car was travelling on was jolting; she was on the back seat; her mother in the front with her friend, Johnny, who was driving. Johnny was nice: he didnt mind going anywhere with his car, unlike her dad. We will write a custom essay sample on The Little Girl Eater, by Septimus Dale specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Little Girl Eater, by Septimus Dale specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Little Girl Eater, by Septimus Dale specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer They were going to the sea. Johnny wanted to send Miranda down to the beach to play, for obvious reasons. Mason soon stopped burrowing because it had frayed him out. The pier was made on a solid concrete base but the concrete bank was not high enough to hold the girder. Suddenly he saw a tin can lying half-submerged in the sand; he decided, hed give him self an instant death by cutting his throat, a quicker way to die, less tormenting than to be slowly drowned by the waves of the sea. Miranda was gazing down on Mason below, a funny sort of man, because she could only view his shoulder and his arms. She was afraid to ask him what he was doing because she knew grown ups got upset easily. Mason wasnt upset when she ran away because he knew she would tell someone shed seen him. When Miranda told her mother, Mirandas mother was shocked when she said a bloody man. She told Miranda she shouldnt make up silly stories. Johnny told Miranda the man under the pier was a Little Girl Eater: who lived under the sea and, when the tide was out, waited for silly little girls and gobbled them up instantly. Miranda asked her mother if she could go back to play on the beach.

Germany and the Treaty of Versailles essays

Germany and the Treaty of Versailles essays World War I ended on November 11, 1918, and the Treaty of Versailles was written soon after. The Treaty of Versailles, often known as the Peace Treaty, marked the beginning of a great period of poverty in Germany. The diplomats attending the Versailles Peace Conference intended to draft a general peace treaty to end the state of war and to redraw the map of Europe. To represent the United States at the Peace Conference was Woodrow Wilson. Representing the United Kingdom was David Lloyd George. France was represented by George Clemenceau. These three people were referred to as the 'Big Three.'1 Italy's role was quite limited. Other leaders of other nations came to this grand meeting in Versailles that is located near Paris, France. By November 11, when the truce that marked the end of the war was signed, eight million soldiers lay dead; twenty million more were mutilated or spitting blood from the gas attacks. At the end of World War I, twenty-two million civilians had been killed o r wounded. By the end of the war, four mighty empires, the German, the Austro-Hungarian, the Turkish, and the Ottoman, had fallen.2 The leaders of the many nations led by the 'Big Three' labored for six months, from January to June of 1919. Finally, these people signed the Peace Treaty at the Palace of Versailles. The principal aim of the Peace Conference was to create conditions favorable to the progress of civilization on new lines such as economic policy and political structure.3 Almost immediately, the 'Big Three' began to quarrel. The Germans had thrown themselves on the mercy of the Allies: they depended upon the Allies' promise to base the final peace settlement applied impartially to all, including Germany. Clemenceau and Lloyd George were primarily concerned with punishing Germany. Lloyd promised, "We shall squeeze the orange (Germany) until the pips squeak." Wilson was obsessed with creating the League of Nations. Woodrow Wilson marked major ...

Avoiding Data Manipulation when Sampling Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Avoiding Data Manipulation when Sampling - Essay Example One of the important features in avoiding data manipulation when sampling is to be aware of the imperfections in the survey. There are an infinite number of means by which sampling exhibits imperfect features, and indeed, the idea of a perfect sample is a misnomer. Edwards (2010) indicates that even the color of a survey can alter sampling response. There are a variety of specific means by which researchers and statisticians seek to avoid these data manipulations in sampling. An overarching approach is to ensure that the survey method is designed in as clear and unbiased as possible. In these regards, Edwards (2010, pg. 26-27) identifies a number of key features to avoid, â€Å"failure of the questionnaire...failure to recognize differences between various kinds and degrees of canvass and to fit the questions to the type of canvass...failure to define the universe with enough precision and to provide a satisfactory frame.† Adhering to these methods greatly aids the research av oid data manipulation. In addition to these areas that must be considered when constructing sampling data, there are features that must be considered to avoid sampling bias. As a means of avoiding data manipulation in sampling its generally recommended that researchers implement random sampling as an overarching model. A random sample consists of a random sampling of survey participants and can be conducted through a number of means. Among these involve a simple random sample, stratified sampling, and cluster sampling, with their distinguishing features based on the means by which they select the sample group (Thompson 2002). When examining sample data from the random sample its important to consider the possible statistical error that can be included, as such errors can be utilized in data manipulation when in actuality they are necessary elements of the research. In these regards, human failure must be avoided as

English Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

English Assignment - Essay Example Due to the dynamic nature of dancing, many dance films were created to show the complexities in the lives of dancers, as well as how their lives were shaped or changed through dancing, and a lot of which were appreciated by most movie-goers as shown by box office ratings and total worldwide grosses. In this paper, two movies about dancing are compared, Save the Last Dance (2001) and Black Swan (2001) which both show dancing as the driving force not just in the plot, but also in changing the lives of the characters portrayed. The dance films Save the Last Dance and Black Swan are high quality films that feature love of dance and how it is related to a person’s upbringing, social status, and character building. The two films are both considered to be high-quality films despite being labeled as independent films, or â€Å"indies† due to the high grosses during the release, the number of awards given to and nominated for, as well as the competence of the actors, the actress es, and the directors. In spite of having production budgets roughly around $10,000,000, both movies did very well in the box office and easily recovered the expenses incurred, with Save the Last Dance totaling a lifetime gross of $131, 706, 803 (Box Office Mojo – Save the Last Dance), and $329, 443, 368 for Black Swan (Box Office Mojo – Black Swan). ... It also won in the MTV Movie Awards in 2001 for Best Kiss (Julia Stiles and Sean Patrick Thomas) and Breakthrough Male Performance (Sean Patrick Thomas). Black Swan also received awards as well, not just from award-giving bodies in the United States, but also from around the world. Among these are: AFI Awards Movie of the Year (2011); Academy Awards Best Performance by an Actress in a Leading Role (Natalie Portman); Best Foreign Film in the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences of Argentina; Excellence in Production Design Award from the Art Directors Guild; Blue Ribbon Award for Best Foreign Film; Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Leading Role (Natalie Portman); and the Venice Film Festival for Marcello Mastroianni Award (Mila Kunis) (Black Swan – Awards†). The number of awards received by the actors and actresses in the two movies attest to the excellent performance of the cast, and their skills in the portrayal of chara cters were able to carry the films through despite the considerably low budget for both films. Also, the actors and actresses were able to show their versatile acting skills that strongly convinced viewers of the emotions that were felt by the characters that they portray. Their skills were recognized not just by the award-giving bodies, but also the audiences that watched them, since it is a common fact that most films that were able to show true emotions win awards as well as the admiration of the audiences. Aside from the movies having good credentials, both for the directors as well as the actors that played in it, the plots were also convincing enough that many people can

Different techniques of spread spectrum

Different techniques of spread spectrum CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION: The idea of this project is to study different techniques of spread spectrum. These techniques include the two processes of direct-sequence spread spectrum and frequency hopping spread spectrum. Both these techniques will be simulated in software called MATLAB. Also a brief mention will be there about the multiple access property of spread spectrum. This project deals with the implementation of spread spectrum using the techniques- direct sequence spread spectrum and frequency hopping spread spectrum. Spread spectrum is a new method of communication. It provides a jam-free network and prevents any kind on interference. It helps to provide immunity to channels by not allowing any kind of interference or disturbance. We will be discussing more about spread spectrum and its technique in the following chapters. The project has been divided into six chapters. The second chapter deals with spread spectrum. It starts of with the history of spread spectrum followed by a basic definition of spread spectrum. Certain characteristics of spread spectrum are discussed along with a mathematical explanation of advantage of spread spectrum over narrow band communication. It then describes the working of a spread spectrum and finally mentions how a spread spectrum can be demodulated. Chapter three describes different techniques of spread spectrum. There are four techniques of spread spectrum namely direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS), frequency hopping spread spectrum (FHSS), chirp spread spectrum (CSSS) and time hopping spread spectrum (THSS). Each of these techniques is described, with a brief mention about its basic mechanism.A brief comparison is drawn between FHSS AND DHSS. A mathematical explanation is given for DSSS under the conditions of noise (jammer). Chapter four discusses different multiple accesses of spread spectrum. These are frequency domain multiple access (FDMA), time division multiple access(TDMA) and code division multiple access(CDMA). CDMA is dealt with in a more detail manner and is presented with a mathematical explanation. Chapter five presents a MATLAB simulation of direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS), Frequency hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) and Code division multiple access (CDMA). It discusses how a signal when multiplied with a pseudo random noise and put on a frequency wave gets spread. This technique is called direct sequence spread spectrum. Also this chapter presents the MATLAB simulation of Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum where four randomly carrier frequency waves are generated to form a spread spectrum and multiplied with pseudo random generator to determine the frequencies where the information has to be hopped. The information is sent in the form of a BPSK modulated signal. Also a MATLAB simulation on CDMA is presented .It basically shows how CDMA works. Three stations are taken and how they send codes through a single channel by using the property the CDMA. Finally, chapter six winds up the project with the conclusion from each chapter. It mentions in short what has been realized from this project. CHAPTER 2 SPREAD SPECTRUM 2.1 HISTORY OF SPREAD SPECTRUM This chapter talks about spread spectrum. It begins with a brief history behind spread spectrum. It also mentions about the various fields where spread spectrum is being effectively used. Certain characteristics of spread spectrum are also discussed.A basic definition of spread spectrum is discussed in this chapter which basically explains what actually spread spectrum and why is preferred over conventional wireless communication. A brief mechanism of how spread spectrum works is discussed. It also mentions the mathematical reason behind why a spread signal is an effective way to communicate. A comparison is drawn between spread spectrum transmission and fixed frequency transmission. Finally a demodulation technique is discussed mentioning about how demodulation can be achieved. Spread spectrum has become a new commercial communication technique over the past 8-9 years. However the first intentional use of Spread Spectrum came during the period of 1921-1930 by Armstrong. He had used wideband Frequency Modulation. The real use for Spread Spectrum how ever came in World War II. Both the allies and the Axis powers experimented with simple Spread Spectrum systems. The first publically patent on Spread Spectrum came from Hedy Lamarr, the Hollywood movie actress, and George Antheil, an avant gard composer. Lamarr had mentioned to Antheil about her idea for a Secret Communications System that could guide torpedoes to their target without being intercepted by the enemy. This could be done by sending messages between transmitter and receiver over multiple radio frequencies in a varied random pattern. The message would be transmitted at such a high rate that no one would be able to decode it. They sent their invention to National Inventors Council. Instead of developing the patent commercially, they gave it away to the government for the war effort. As a result of which the commercial use of Spread spectrum came many years later [1, 3, 19]. Spread Spectrum was first used for commercial purposes in the 1980s when Equatorial Communications of Mountain View used Direct Sequence for multiple access communications over synchronous satellite transponders [1]. Today, spread spectrum is being used to provide communications in a variety of commercial applications, including mobile communications and interoffice wireless communications. In the coming years hardly anyone will prevent themselves from being involved in one way or the other with spread spectrum communications as it will become an integral part of the communication world. [1, 4]. 2.2 DEFINITION OF SPREAD SPECTRUM Spread-spectrum is a technique by which electromagnetic energy produced over a particular bandwidth is spread in the frequency domain on purpose. Spread spectrum signals are used for transmission of digital information which are characterized by the fact that their bandwidth W is much greater than the information rate R in bits/sec. Hence the bandwidth expansion factor is always greater than unity. This results to provide a signal with a wider bandwidth and a lower power density. These techniques are used for a variety of reasons which include the establishment of secure communications, increasing resistance to natural interference and to limit the power flux density on satellite downlinks. Narrow band signal and spread spectrum use the same amount of power to transmit the same data. However the power density of the spread spectrum is lower as compared to narrow band and it is this property that makes spread spectrum achieve secure and jam free communication. Spread spectrum is a type of wireless communication in which the frequency of the transmitted signal is intentionally varied and changed to achieve a higher bandwidth. This results to provide a much greater bandwidth than that of the signal if its frequency was not altered [2, 5]. A spread spectrum should full fill the following requirements: 1) The message signal should undergo two modulations that produce the wideband spectrum having bandwidth much in excess of the minimum bandwidth needed to send the message. 2) The spreading ,that is the second modulation is caused by means of a spreading signal 3) The receiver should recover the message by the method of de-spreading the signal that is received by using the same spreading signal [23]. Spread spectrum is preferred over conventional wireless communication for many reasons; however there are at least a couple of problems associated with conventional wireless communication. First, a signal whose frequency is constant and not changing is subject to interference. This condition occurs when another signal is sent on, or very near to the frequency of the desired signal. Interference can be accidental (as in the case of amateur-radio communications) or it can be deliberate like during war time. Second, a constant-frequency signal is very easy to intercept or lock and reveal the information it is carrying and hence is not well preferred to applications where the information must remain confidential between the transmitter and receiver. [2]. To minimize troubles and to maintain the confidentiality of the information, transmitted signals frequency can be deliberately varied and changed over the large segment of the electromagnetic radiation spectrum. This variation is done by using a specific and complicated mathematical function. This function is the most important part of the spread spectrum for maintaining the confidentiality. For intercepting the signal, the receiver must be tuned to frequencies that vary exactly to this function. The receiver must have the knowledge of the frequency-versus-time function employed by the transmitter, and must also be provided with the information about the starting-time point of the function. If someone wants to hack or intercept the spread-spectrum signal, that person must possess a transmitter that contains the information about the function and its starting-time point. The spread-spectrum function hence must be well protected for confidential information communication and it this feature of spread spectrum that helps maintaining the secrecy of information. If this function comes in the wrong hands, it can lead to the invasion of secrecy of the information [2]. 2.3 HOW SPREAD SPECTRUM WORKS Spread Spectrum uses wide band which is a noise-like signals and hence are hard to detect. These signals are also hard to lock on to or be tracked by any intruder. Spread signals are made in such a manner that their bandwidth is larger than the information they are transmitting to give them a noise like appearance, hence protecting the information it is carrying and maintain its secrecy and confidentiality [4]. Spread Spectrum signals use fast codes that have a high data rate. These codes are called Pseudo Random or Pseudo Noise codes. These are called Pseudo for the reason being that they are not real Gaussian noise [4]. Spread Spectrum transmitters possess similar transmits power levels to that of narrow band transmitters. Spread Spectrum signals are so wide hence they transmit at a much lower spectral power density which is measured in Watts per Hertz as compared to narrowband transmitters. This characteristic (lower spectral power density)gives spread signals a huge advantage in digital communication and it is this capability that is responsible for the rapid use of Spread Spectrum today [4]. The numerical advantage of wider bandwidth is obtained from the Claude Shannons equation describing channel capacity [4]. (2.1) Where; C=channel capacity of the signal, B=Bandwidth of the signal, S=signal power, and N=noise power. = (2.2) On Applying the MacLaurin series development for (2.3) is usually low for spread-spectrum applications. Assuming a noise level such that

Free Catcher in the Rye Essays: Keeping It Real :: Catcher Rye Essays

Keeping It Real in The Catcher in the Rye The Catcher in the Rye is a story about a kid named Holden Caulfield who experiences some interesting things and people. From having breakfast with a couple of nuns, to being with a prostitute, to getting kicked out of school, Holden handles each situation the best way he can. Some of the people Holden meets, he likes, but the type of people Holden cannot stand are the ‘phonies.’ Holden had met a lot of phonies in his lifetime. Holden lived in a dorm that was named after a phony, he heard a phony playing a piano, and he met his date’s phony friend. Holden went to a boarding school called Pencey Prep. There, Holden lived in the Ossenburger Memorial Wing. This hall was only for juniors and seniors. The dorms were named after a man named Ossenburger who also went to Pencey a long time ago. After Ossenburger got out of Pencey, he made a lot of money in the undertaking business and gave some of it to Pencey and that is why the new wing of the dorms are named after him. The morning after, Ossenburger gave a speech to the students of Pencey Prep regarding how he was never ashamed when he was in some kind of trouble. He stated that if so, he would get right down on his knees and pray to God. Ossenburger kept on rambling about how one should always pray to God and to talk to God wherever they were. Ossenburger said to think of him as your buddy. Holden was amused by his speech, and he could â€Å"just see the big phony bastard... asking Jesus to send him a few more stiffs.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Holder next went to a nightclub called Ernie’s for a few drinks. Even though it was so late, the club was packed. Ernie, the piano player, was playing some tune that Holden could not recognize. Ernie was putting in many high notes, showing off with ripples in the high notes, and doing a lot of other tricky things that Holden thought were dumb. However, the crowd was going crazy for Ernie, clapping and such. â€Å"Old Ernie turned around on his stool and gave this very phony, humble bow.† Though Holden thought Ernie’s snobbish attitude was so phony , he felt kind of sorry for Ernie.

AP language rhetorical terms list Essay

Look up the words and fill in the chart as best as you can. Some of the terms are review and some are new. We will use this list throughout the year so keep an updated copy with you in class. You may choose to make note cards for study but they are not required for a grade. Periodically, you will be quizzed on how well you know the terms by using in your writing and recognizing in text. Terms When do I use it? Define it Can I recognize it? Can I use it in my writing? ad hominen argument appealing to feelings or prejudices rather than intellect ad populum fallacious argument that concludes a proposition to be true because many or most people believe it. allegory literary device The representation of abstract ideas or principles by characters, figures, or events in narrative, dramatic, or pictorial form. alliteration style The repetition of the same sounds or of the same kinds of sounds at the beginning of words or in stressed syllables allusion rhetoric device reference ambiguity tone Doubtfulness or uncertainty as regards interpretation analogy Similarity of functions or properties; likeness antecedent grammar A preceding occurrence, cause, or event. antithesis opposite aphorism A tersely phrased statement of a truth or opinion; an adage apostrophe The direct address of an absent or imaginary person or of a personified abstraction, especially as a digression in the course of a speech or composition. attitude essay A state of mind or a feeling; disposition atmosphere A dominant intellectual or emotional environment or attitude begging the question type of informal fallacy in which an implicit premise would directly entail the conclusion; in other words, basing a conclusion on an assumption that is as much in need of proof or demonstration as the conclusion itself chiasmus A rhetorical inversion of the second of two parallel structures clause A group of words containing a subject and a predicate and forming part of a compound or complex sentence. colloquialism Characteristic of or appropriate to the spoken language or to writing that seeks the effect of speech; informal. conceit A favorable and especially unduly high opinion of one’s own abilities or worth. concrete detail Specific details that form the backbone or core of the body paragraphs. Synonyms for concrete details include facts, specifics, examples, descriptions, illustrations, support, proof, evidence, quotations, paraphrases, or plot references. connotation An idea or feeling that a word invokes person in addition to its literal or primary meaning denotation The action or process of indicating or referring to something by means of a word, symbol, etc descriptive detail devices A turn of phrase intended to produce a particular effect in speech or a literary work diction Word choice didactic ntended to teach, particularly in having moral instruction as an ulterior motive euphemism Mild expression in place of a severe one extended metaphor An extended metaphor, also called a conceit, is a metaphor that continues into the sentences that follow. It is often developed at great length, occurring frequently in or throughout a work, and are especially effective in poems and fiction. false analogy An informal fallacy applying to inductive arguments, in which the similarity in one respect of two concepts, objects, or events is taken as sufficient to establish that they are similar in another respect in which they actually are dissimilar figurative language Language that communicates ideas beyond the ordinary or literal meaning of the words. figure of speech A figure of speech is a use of a word that diverges from its normal meaning, or a phrase with a specialized meaning not based on the literal meaning of the words in it such as a metaphor, simile, or personification. genre A category of artistic composition, as in music or literature, characterized by similarities in form, style, or subject matter hasty- over/ generalization A general statement or concept obtained by inference from specific cases homily genre type of sermon, serious talk, speech or lecture hyperbole exaggeration imagery Visually descriptive or figurative language, esp. in a literary work inference/ infer A conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning invective diction Strong use of language used to attack irony/ironic The expression of one’s meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite, typically for humorous or emphatic effect verbal Relating to or in the form of words situational A term denoting a tactic or combo that can only be used under certain circumstances and cannot be done in a neutral state where both characters are on the ground. dramatic Sudden or striking juxtaposition The fact of two things being seen or placed close together with contrasting effect language The method of human communication, either spoken or written, consisting of the use of words in a structured and conventional way loose sentence A loose sentence is a type of sentence in which the main idea is elaborated by the successive addition of modifying clauses or phrases. metaphor in literature and rhetoric, an analogy between two objects or ideas, conveyed by using a word instead of another word metonymy Metonymy is a figure of speech in which a thing or concept is called not by its own name but rather by the name of something associated with that thing or concept. mood the affective setting of a piece of literature narrative A narrative (or story) is any account of connected events, presented to a reader or listener in a sequence of written or spoken words, or in a sequence of (moving) pictures. narrative devices Methods to help convey the message in the story narrative technique The methods involved in telling a story; the procedures used by a writer of stories or accounts. Narrative technique is a general term (like â€Å"devices,† or â€Å"resources of language†) that asks you to discuss the procedures used in the telling of a story. onomatopoeia the use of imitative and naturally suggestive words for rhetorical, dramatic, or poeticeffect. oxymoron a figure of speech by which a locution produces an incongruous, seemingly self-contradictoryeffect, as in â€Å"cruel kindness† or â€Å"to make haste slowly. † paradox a statement or proposition that seems self-contradictory or absurd but in realityexpresses a possible truth. parallelism Parallel comparison parody Mocking imitation pedantic tone Overly scholarly, academic, or bookish periodic sentence A periodic sentence is a sentence that is not grammatically complete until the final clause or phrase. Personification the attribution of human nature or character to animals, inanimate objects, or abstractnotions, especially as a rhetorical figure. persuasive devices Techniques the author uses to influence the way you feel persuasive essay Persuasive writing, known as creative writing or an argument, is a piece of writing in which the writer uses words to convince the reader that the writer’s opinion is correct with regard to an issue. point of view(know all) narrative mode, the perspective of the narrative voice; the pronoun used in narration post hoc fallacy Post hoc ergo propter hoc, Latin for â€Å"after this, therefore because of this†, is a logical fallacy (of the questionable cause variety) that states â€Å"Since that event followed this one, that event must have been caused by this one. prose Prose is a form of language which applies ordinary grammatical structure and natural flow of speech rather than rhythmic structure (as in traditional poetry). red herring Red herring is an English-language idiom, a logical fallacy that misleads or detracts from the issue. It is also a literary device that leads readers or characters towards a false conclusion, often used in mystery or detective fiction. repetition Repetition is the simple repeating of a word, within a sentence or a poetical line, with no particular placement of the words, in order to provide emphasis. rhetoric Rhetoric is the art of discourse, an art that aims to improve the capability of writers or speakers that attempt to inform, persuade, or motivate particular audiences in specific situations. rhetorical appeal Ethos, pathos, logos logos Originally a word meaning â€Å"a ground†, â€Å"a plea†, â€Å"an opinion†, â€Å"an expectation†, â€Å"word,† â€Å"speech,† â€Å"account,† â€Å"reason, ethos Cultures guiding ideals pathos Appealing to the audience’s emotions rhetorical features his may involve the use of elaborate words or phrases that create a particular set of sounds. Perhaps puns, double meanings,alliteration, assonance or unusual grammatical forms may be used. rhetorical modes describe the variety, conventions, and purposes of the major kinds of writing. compare/ contrast Evaluate differences and similarities definition Expressing the nature of something cause/effect Cause is why something happens and effect is what happens division/ classification Organize into category example/illustration or type of composition intended to give information about (or an explanation of) an issue, subject, method, or idea. exposition type of composition intended to give information about (or an explanation of) an issue, subject, method, or idea. process analysis A method of paragraph or essay development by which a writer explains step by step how something is done or how to do something. argumentation/persuasive Social influence description a statement, picture in words, or account that describes; descriptive representation. rhetorical question A rhetorical question is a figure of speech in the form of a question that is asked in order to make a point. rhetorical situation The Rhetorical Situation is the context of a rhetorical event that consists of an issue, an audience, and a set of constraints. sarcasm harsh or bitter derision or irony. satire a literary composition, in verse or prose, in which human folly and vice are held up toscorn, derision, or ridicule. simile a figure of speech in which two unlike things are explicitly compared sentence structures Grammatical arrangement of words in sentences simple Easy to understand compound combinations of two or more elements complex In general usage, complexity tends to be used to characterize something with many parts in intricate arrangement. inverted word order style variation in language use to which social meanings are attributed stylistic devices In literature and writing, a stylistic device is the use of any of a variety of techniques to give an auxiliary meaning, idea, or feeling to the literal or written. syllogism a piece of deductive reasoning from the general to the particular symbol/ symbolism something used for or regarded as representing something else; a material object representingsomething, often something immaterial; emblem, token, or sign. synecdoche a figure of speech in which a part is used for the whole or the whole for a part, the special for thegeneral or the general for the special syntax the study of the rules for the formation of grammatical sentences in a language. theme the unifying subject or idea of a story thesis Central argument tone a literary technique which encompasses the attitudes toward the subject and toward the audience implied in a literary work that is compatible with the other drive transition general aspects of writing style that signal changes in a story understatement Understatement is a form of speech which contains an expression of less strength than what would be expected. litotes In rhetoric, litotes (or) is a figure of speech in which understatement is employed for rhetorical effect, principally via double negatives. meiosis reproduction wit Wit is a form of intelligent humour, the ability to say or write things that are clever and usually funny.

Good to Great Book Review - 1596 Words

Good to Great Book Review Throughout the book Collins examines what differentiates a good company from a great company. This first chapter addresses the process of evaluating information and finding characteristics that differentiates the two types of companies. After finding these characteristics Collins’s team compared the data to a variety of companies and discovered what a great company had that a good company didn’t. â€Å"We came to think of our research effort as akin to looking inside a black box. Each step along the way was like installing another light bulb to shed light on the inner workings of the good to great process.† All great companies have a Level 5 leader calling the shots. A level 5 leader is an individual who has a†¦show more content†¦The hedgehog principle is based around three essential questions. 1. What are you deeply passionate about? 2. At what can you be the best in the world? 3. What drives your economic engine? According to Collins, a great company should answer all three questions, take whatever answers all three of them, and build their hedgehog strategy around that answer. However, it should be noted here, that the hedgehog concept is not universally accepted as the best strategy to take. Philip Tetlock contends that the fox, the thinker who knows many little things, drawing from an eclectic array of traditions, is better able to improvise in response to changing events, and is more successful in predicting the future than the hedgehog, which knows one big thing, toils devotedly within one tradition, and imposes formulaic solutions on ill-defined problems. The fox as well as the hedgehog idea seem to be extremities on the acceptable strategy spectrum. The best manager should try to find a middle ground, for example concentrating on one big thing during the early stages and then many little projects once the flywheel has taken off. 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